New Century

By Miguel Santiago

In the new century, numerous philosophers have emerged, offering insightful perspectives on various subjects. Below are a few notable philosophers who have made significant contributions:

• Friedrich Nietzsche (1844–1900): Nietzsche’s works explored the themes of nihilism, morality, and the overman (Übermensch). He questioned traditional moral values and advocated for the reevaluation of established beliefs. Nietzsche’s philosophy emphasised individualism and the pursuit of personal authenticity.
• Martin Heidegger (1889–1976): Heidegger delved into existentialism and phenomenology, analysing the nature of being and existence. He explored the concept of “Dasein,” or being in the world, and the idea of “authenticity” as fundamental to human existence.
• Jean-Paul Sartre (1905–1980): Sartre was a prominent figure in existentialist thought. Through his works, such as “Being and Nothingness,” he explored themes of consciousness, freedom, and existential angst. Sartre famously proclaimed that “existence precedes essence,” emphasising human freedom and responsibility.
• Simone de Beauvoir (1908–1986): De Beauvoir was an influential existentialist philosopher and feminist. Her book “The Second Sex” critically examined the societal construction of gender and the oppression faced by women. De Beauvoir argued for gender equality and challenged traditional notions of femininity.
• Ludwig Wittgenstein (1889–1951): Wittgenstein made significant…