Plato

By Miguel Santiago

Plato (428/427 BC – 348/347 BC) was a seminal philosopher during the ancient Greek period and one of the towering intellectual figures in the history of Western philosophy. He was a student of Socrates and the teacher of Aristotle – both seminal figures in Western philosophy.

Born into a wealthy aristocratic Athenian family, Plato embarked on a diverse career path which included being a soldier and a wrestler. However, his encounters with the wise Socrates spurred his pursuit of philosophy. Plato’s philosophical ideologies were greatly influenced by Socrates, especially his approach to ethics and moral philosophy. After Socrates’ execution, Plato left Athens, travelled extensively, and returned to establish the Academy, one of the earliest known organised schools in Western civilisation.

Plato’s most significant contributions to philosophy are in metaphysics, epistemology, and ethics. These often centred around dialogues and works involving his mentor, Socrates. Plato’s philosophical thoughts were primarily conveyed through his talks, where the participants would engage in logical arguments and analyse various philosophical questions.

His famous work, “The Republic,” explores justice and the ideal society. It lays out Plato’s belief in philosopher-kings, who rule not for their gain but for the state’s welfare. Another prominent work, “Symposium,” examines the nature and purpose of love, featuring speeches from various characters, including Socrates.